The United States of America has always played the role of mediator in efforts to reach a settlement of the conflict between Israel and the Palestinians.

On Tuesday, the United States announced its new plan to resolve the conflict after talks stopped since 2014.

Below is a summary of previous initiatives put forward by the United States and others to resolve the issue:

The government of US President Ronald Reagan began a dialogue with the Palestine Liberation Organization in 1988, after its leader Yasser Arafat accepted US demands to recognize Israel's right to exist as a state.

The administration of US President George H. W. Bush, who succeeded Reagan, established channels of communication between Israel and the Arab countries.

In 1991, Washington and Moscow jointly organized an Israeli-Arab peace conference in Spain, and benefited from improved relations after the opponents stood together against Iraq in the First Gulf War.

The conference, which was organized in the wake of the first Palestinian Intifada, set a precedent, as it was the first time that the Israeli and Palestinian sides sat at the negotiating table. The Palestinians participated as part of a delegation from Jordan after Israel refused the direct participation of the Palestine Liberation Organization.

Israelis and Palestinians held more than a dozen secret meetings over the course of six months, in Oslo in 1993.

In an unprecedented breakthrough, Israel agreed to allow the Palestinians limited self-rule and recognize the Palestine Liberation Organization as the representative of the Palestinian people.

The two parties signed the Oslo Accords in Washington in September 1993 at a ceremony hosted by US President Bill Clinton.

In May 1994, the city of Jericho in the West Bank and Gaza Strip became the first self-governing Palestinian territory.

Two months later, Arafat returned to the Palestinian territories after 27 years in exile and formed the administration of the Palestinian Authority.

In September 1995, the Oslo II Accords were signed, giving the Palestinians greater autonomy in the occupied West Bank.

In November, Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin was assassinated by an Orthodox Jew opposed to the peace process.

In October 1998, US President Bill Clinton hosted a meeting at Wye Plantation that resulted in an agreement requiring Israel to withdraw from 13 percent of the West Bank territory it had occupied.

But Israel froze the deal two months later after handing over only 2% of the territory.

In July 2000, the two sides held talks for several days at Camp David outside Washington, but the talks faltered due to the part related to Jerusalem, which both sides claim, and due to issues related to the Palestinian refugee issue.

The second Palestinian Intifada broke out two months later.

In March 2002, Arab countries led by Saudi Arabia proposed establishing diplomatic relations with Israel in exchange for its withdrawal from all territories occupied since 1967.

Nothing was achieved after the next day, Israeli Prime Minister Ariel Sharon launched a military attack against the Palestinians following a series of suicide attacks.

In April 2003, the international Quartet composed of the European Union, Russia, the United Nations, and the United States published a document called the “Road Map” for the establishment of a Palestinian state.

The document relied on stopping Palestinian attacks and Israel refraining from building new settlements on the occupied land.

The two sides committed to implementing it in June 2003, but it soon stopped amid continued settlement activity.

In November 2007, US President George W. Bush chaired a conference attended by representatives of Israel and the Palestinian Authority in Annapolis, near Washington, after years of stagnant relations.

New peace efforts have been frustrated by disagreement over Israel's continued settlement building and military checkpoints, violence in Gaza and Palestinian division.

The Palestinian Authority withdrew from the talks after Israel launched a war on Gaza in late 2008.

In July 2013, then US Secretary of State John Kerry announced the launch of new direct talks.

But Israel suspended these talks after the Fatah and Hamas movements announced a reconciliation agreement in April 2014.