From Inchas to Riyadh

The time between the first Arab summit held in Inshas at the invitation of King Farouk in 1946 and the Riyadh summit on May 19, 2023 "77 years", and 32 ordinary Arab summits held between Arab capitals, along with a number of exceptional summits without these summits advancing joint Arab action and the Arab League To a model of effective and influential Arab integration and integration. Each summit often bore a name or description indicating the circumstances in which the summit was held.

And if these summits prevailed over the Palestinian cause, the Inshas summit was held for the sake of Palestine, and the Algiers summit was held under the name of the Palestinian cause. Perhaps the greatest achievement of these summits is the keenness to hold them, and this is an important matter that cannot be ignored, despite the lack of crucial decisions that rise to the level of these summits. What the Arab region is witnessing in terms of conflicts and wars, the latest of which is Sudan, regional and international targeting, challenges and threats to Arab national security, makes the Riyadh summit face great responsibilities and tasks, aspirations and hopes for restoring the effectiveness of joint Arab action and restoring the Arab system. This is the third Arab summit to be held in Riyadh, and it was preceded by more than one Chinese and American Arab summit and a summit of the Council of Islamic Cooperation and Cooperation. All this confirms to us the role played by Saudi Arabia today.

This summit comes in light of Arab, regional and international political contexts and transformations, between positive and negative. As we all know, the Arab summit is not closed in on itself, as it is a summit of the most important region in the world in terms of geopolitical and economic importance and the role played by its countries such as Saudi Arabia, Egypt, the Emirates and Algeria.

This summit may be better than its predecessors, as it is held in light of the full Gulf reconciliation, the Iranian-Saudi agreement and its positive repercussions on important issues such as the war in Yemen, Lebanon, Syria and Palestine. It is also held in light of broader Arab understandings and coordination between its pivotal and influential countries.

This may help to crystallize an Arab regional alliance capable of dealing with the decline in the US role in the region, and the escalation of the role of other countries such as China and Russia. At the same time, it is being held in light of shifts in the regional and international balance of power and the repercussions of the Ukrainian war affecting the region, and in light of the competition and signs of a cold war between China and the United States. Iran and Israel. This summit has many files and issues. In addition to the traditional issues in the field of economy, reforming the League and advancing joint Arab action towards further integration, political and security issues are a top priority, and on top of these issues comes the return of Syria to its Arab incubator and the possibility of inviting Syrian President Bashar al-Assad to the summit, marking a political stage. New for a comprehensive settlement and restricting foreign interference in the Syrian affairs.

The Palestinian cause remains present, as it was at the Algiers summit, from more than one perspective: ending the Palestinian division, financial support, stressing Jerusalem as a central Arab and Islamic issue, adherence to the two-state solution, and the establishment of a Palestinian state with Jerusalem as its capital. It is certain that there is no comprehensive peace or normalization without a settlement of the Palestinian cause.

In addition to files related to Libya, Iraq and the Lebanese file. Perhaps the most important issue before this Arab Summit is to restore the Arab citizen's confidence in the institution of the Arab Summit, and to restore credibility in joint Arab action.

It remains that the success of this Arab summit rests with Saudi Arabia and the vitality and effectiveness of its leaders, as its presidency of the summit remains for a full year. There is no doubt that this summit, and what causes optimism in its decisions and success, coincides with the transformations in the leadership role that Saudi Arabia plays at all Arab, regional and international levels. This role and the provision of all elements of the implementation of his decisions is as much as the success of this summit, so that its decision will constitute a major transformational stage in advancing joint Arab action steps forward. And at the international level in order to achieve strategic partnerships and common interests. It is a peak that either precedes the time of transformations in power, or that this time precedes it.
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