Middle East 2025.. Between Possibilities and Major Challenges

The Middle East is at a critical historical turning point, with current geopolitical changes raising questions about the fate of Syria, the future of Israel, and the role of regional powers such as Saudi Arabia and Turkey and their interaction with global powers.

The rapidly evolving events in the region cast their shadows over the year 2025, which may bring unprecedented political surprises and strategic transformations.

After years of exhausting conflict, the Syrian scene faces a new complexity, as fears grow that the political vacuum and its consequences will lead to the outbreak of widespread sectarian conflicts and struggles. It is no secret that some regional and international powers continue to support competing groups on sectarian and ethnic grounds, "considering them as agents of interests," which deepens divisions - Sunnis, Alawites, Kurds, and Druze - and the struggle for influence, while Damascus and its countryside remain in a state of ambiguity. This requires a national movement in the first place that gives priority to national reconciliation in order to build a comprehensive political system that accepts the other and increases its strength through pluralism, far from sectarian agendas and ethnic divisions that exacerbate the crisis and pave the way for the fragmentation of the country. There is no doubt that responsible international support is necessary for this.

As the unrest in Syria and Lebanon continues, the chances of Israel exploiting this chaos to realize its dream of a “Greater Israel” are increasing, starting with the annexation of strategic parts of southern Lebanon and parts of Syria, including water sources, followed by an escalation of regional conflicts and the opening of new fronts in an already volatile region. I do not mean the period of euphoria of victory, but rather the next stage in consolidating political systems. Preserving the sovereignty of states requires a clear and unified position and firm international support to respect existing borders.

There are increasing signs and accelerating political and diplomatic moves to pave the way for a scenario of a historic peace treaty between Israel and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Although such a treaty could bring about a radical shift in regional relations, its real impact will depend on the terms of the agreement, especially with regard to the Palestinian issue.

On the other hand, in light of the increasing Turkish support for the Levant Liberation Army and its role in northern Syria, the question remains about the future of political Islam in the region. Will there be attempts to move in Arab countries? Considering the regional chaos and current conflicts as an opportunity for influence that will not be repeated?! And could some regional powers see political Islam as a tool to achieve their goals? The question here is what these countries need to face this challenge in terms of enhancing their stability through economic development and real political reforms.

The Middle East is facing a critical year full of possibilities, issues are intertwined and interests overlap. Only political wisdom and strategic vision can transform these challenges into opportunities that enhance security and stability in the region, away from sectarianism, expansionism and conflicts.

Will 2025 be the year of surprises and peace treaties?