The Israeli strikes on the Gaza Strip and southern Lebanon , in response to rocket fire, are part of the repeated acts of violence between Israel and the Palestinians .

This escalation on the Israeli-Lebanese front is unprecedented since 2006 and comes after the Israeli police stormed Al-Aqsa Mosque, the first of the two qiblas and the third of the Two Holy Mosques, on April 5.

Violence erupted on March 22, 2022, when four people were killed in the city of Beersheba in the Negev desert (southern Israel) by a Bedouin teacher associated with the Islamic State.

On March 27, two policemen were killed in an attack claimed by the Islamic State in Hadera (north), and two days later, a Palestinian from the West Bank killed five passers-by on the outskirts of Tel Aviv. On April 7th, another attack left three people dead in central Tel Aviv.

In the wake of other attacks on Israeli territory, the Israeli army launched more than 2,000 raids in the West Bank in 2022, especially in Jenin and Nablus, which are strongholds of Palestinian armed factions in the northern West Bank occupied by Israel since 1967.

On May 11, the American-Palestinian journalist for the Qatari Al-Jazeera Arabic channel, Sherine Abu Aqleh, was killed during an Israeli operation.

On October 25, five Palestinians were killed in an Israeli attack targeting the Lions' Den armed group in Nablus.

On November 29, Israeli forces killed five Palestinians in the West Bank.

On August 5, the Israeli army launched an operation in Gaza that was portrayed as "preventive" against the Islamic Jihad movement, during which a number of its military leaders were killed.

A total of 49 Palestinians were killed during the three days of rocket and missile exchanges.

A new cycle of violence began on January 26, 2023, when ten Palestinians were killed in Jenin during an Israeli operation.

The next day, a Palestinian shot dead six Israelis and a Ukrainian near a synagogue in East Jerusalem, which Israel occupied and annexed in 1967, before being shot.

On 06 February, five Palestinian members of Hamas were killed in an Israeli military operation in Jericho.

On February 10, a ramming attack in East Jerusalem killed three Israelis, including two brothers, aged six and eight.

On February 22, 11 Palestinians were killed during an Israeli military incursion into the city of Nablus. This operation, the bloodiest carried out by the Israeli army in the West Bank since at least 2005, was followed at night by firing rockets from the Gaza Strip towards Israel, followed by Israeli air strikes.

On February 26, two Israeli settlers were killed near Nablus.

On the evening of that same day, hundreds of Israeli settlers entered Hawara, where they threw stones at Palestinian homes and set fire to buildings and cars.

Six Palestinians were killed on March 7 in Jenin, one of whom was the perpetrator of the attack on the two settlers.

On the first of April, the death toll in the almost daily clashes reached 104 since the beginning of 2023, they are 88 Palestinians, one Israeli Arab, 14 Israelis and one Ukrainian, according to figures compiled by Agence France-Presse based on official Israeli and Palestinian sources.

On the fifth of April, in the middle of Ramadan, violent clashes took place between the Israeli police and what it described as "rioters" holed up inside Al-Aqsa Mosque.

Two rockets were fired in the evening from the Gaza Strip into Israeli territory, after a similar shooting the night before, to which Israel responded with strikes.

On the sixth of April, about thirty rockets were launched from Lebanon towards Israel.

Israel began responding in the evening with air strikes on the Gaza Strip. Before dawn the next day, the Israeli army also launched air strikes in southern Lebanon, confirming that it had hit three "infrastructure" of Hamas.

This is the first time that Israel has confirmed that it has attacked Lebanese territory since April 2022.

On 7 April, two Israeli women were killed and their mother seriously injured in an attack on their car in the West Bank.